[bb] Ulysses Foliage System by N [ 1+ years ago ]

[BlitzBot]

Title : Ulysses Foliage System
Author : N
Posted : 1+ years ago

Description : This is a single-surface foliage system.  What it does is places foliage and grass sprites (not actual sprites but virtual ones) across a terrain in a fashion similar to this:

[img]www.noelcower.com/pathway.html">

It's very simple and easy to use, the functions are as follows:

InitGrass(Camera, Y-Trace Range, Spawning Radius)
  Initializes the grass system.  Camera is the only mandatory argument.

KillGrass()
  Kills the grass system.

LoadGrassTexture(Path,Columns,Rows,No Mip Mapping)
  Loads a texture useable by the grass system.  Columns specifies how many textures there are horizontally, and Rows specifies how many textures there are vertically.  Refer to grass3.tga to get a visual example of how the textures need to be laid out.

CreateGrassSpawner(Texture,Tile,Size,Mesh,Grass Added Per Update,Maximum Amount of Grass,Field Of View)
  Creates a grass spawner, the Texture argument is mandatory.

StartGrassSpawner(Spawner)
  Tells a grass spawner to attempt to spawn grass quads.

StopGrassSpawner(Spawner)
  Tells a grass spawner to not attempt to spawn any grass quads.

ToggleGrassSpawner(Spawner)
  Toggles whether or not a grass spawner spawns grass quads.

SetWind(Spawner,Affects,WindSpeed,WindDirection,WindPower)
  Sets the wind speed a spawner uses.

WindAffects(Spawner,Affects)
  Sets whether or not a spawner is affected by wind.

SetSpawner(Spawner, BunchRange, Quads per Bunch)
  Use this function to fine-tune the amount of quads per grass-bunch and the distance between them.

FreeGrassSpawner(Spawner)
  Frees a grass spawner.

gQuickSort(..)
  Internal function, disregard it.

UpdateGrass()
  Updates the grass objects.

AddGrassObject(Entity,Surface,Color Texture Path)
  Specifies that an object is a viable attach-point for grass quads.  This returns an integer handle that can be used to remove the object later.  If you would like to limit it to a single-surface within the mesh you can pass a surface to the Surface argument (as displayed in the example).  This function will build a node-list so that grass will be spawned from positions on a precompiled grid of positions, so you will want to call this outside of a main loop, otherwise you could end up waiting a bit.  Passing a path to a texture to the last argument of this function will make it load the texture and proceed to color nodes according to positions on the texture.  For reference, the texture is read like this: negative X is 0, negatize Z is 0, positive X is 1, positive Z is 1.  Think of that as if it were UV coordinates.

RemoveGrassObject(GrassObject)
  Removes an object from the list of objects useable by grass quads.

CreateGrassBlock(X,Z,Width,Length)
  Contrary to what this function's name suggests it does, this creates a rectangle within-which grass cannot be spawned.

RemoveGrassBlock(Block)
  Removes a grass block from memory.

ExportNodes(Path$)
  This exports the current set of nodes to a file.  If you have the bz2 wrapper DLL by elias_t then Ulysses will also compress the file (since 512^2 nodes can be a tad large- 7.5mb in some cases, either way using over 64^2 nodes can be extremely slow if you're not being careful).  Do not pass a file extension to 'path', or you will result in something along the lines of 'file.your_ext.unl'.

ImportNodes(Path$)
  Imports a set of nodes from a file.  If you have elias_t's bz2 wrapper DLL it will attempt to decompress the node file.

Obviously, the commands are simple.

<a href="http://www.noelcower.com/Ulysses.zip" target="_blank">Media Pack[/url]
This is a small (by small I do mean small- four grass sprites, two flat textures, and a terrain mesh) media pack that contains a few grass sprites for your use.

Code :

Code: BlitzBasic

1. ;; ************************ READ ME **************************
2. ;; If you do not have the BZ2 user-lib made by elias_t then this function is necessary, otherwise **REMOVE IT**.
3. ;; ************************ READ ME **************************
4. ;Function bz2(compress,level,cfrom$,cto$)
5. ;       CopyFile cfrom,cto
6. ;End Function
7. ;; Commented out by default because I have the bz2 userlib and because it's included in Ulysses.zip.
8.  
9.  
10.        
11. Type GrassTile
12.         Field Surface
13.         Field US#,VS#
14.         Field Columns,Rows
15. End Type
16.  
17. Type GrassSet
18.         Field Mesh
19.         Field Radius#
20.         Field Range#
21.         Field W,H
22.         Field GSin#[359]
23.         Field GCos#[359]
24.         Field TPivot
25.         Field Camera
26.         Field OX#,OY#,OZ#,OYaw#,OPitch#
27.         Field TPivotB
28. End Type
29.  
30. Type GTex
31.         Field Index
32.         Field FOV
33.         Field ID
34.         Field Count
35.         Field Size#
36.         Field Rate%
37.         Field Tex.GrassTile
38.         Field MaxCount%
39.         Field Frame
40.         Field On
41.         Field WindDirection%
42.         Field WindSpeed#
43.         Field WindPower#
44.         Field Mesh
45.         Field WindAffects
46.         Field BunchRange#
47.         Field BunchCount% ;; you can go from 1 to GrassBunchCount-1
48. End Type
49.  
50. Type GrassObject
51.         Field Entity
52.         Field Surface
53.         Field Nodes.GNode[NODE_SEG^2 - 1]
54.         Field Rows.NodeRow[NODE_SEG-1]
55. End Type
56.  
57. Type GNode
58.         Field X#,Y#,Z#
59.         Field Width#,Depth#
60.         Field NX#,NY#,NZ#
61.         Field U%                                ;; Useable
62.         Field Occupied[OccupiedIndices]
63.         Field R#,G#,B#,A#
64. End Type
65.  
66. Type NodeRow
67.         Field X#,Width#
68.         Field Z#,Depth#
69.         Field Nodes.GNode[NODE_SEG-1]
70. End Type
71.  
72. Type GSprite
73.         Field TimeOut
74.         Field X#,Y#,Z#
75.         Field NX#,NY#,NZ#
76.         Field N.GNode
77.         Field Parent.GTex
78.         Field IDelete
79.         Field Quads.GQuad[cGrassBunchCount-1]
80.         Field Range#
81. End Type
82.  
83. Type GQuad
84.         Field X#,Y#,Z#
85.         Field VX#[3]
86.         Field VY#[3]
87.         Field VZ#[3]
88.         Field CAlpha#
89.         Field DAlpha#
90.         Field Angle#
91.         Field gx#,gy#,gz#,rx#,ry#,rz#
92.         Field Size#
93.         Field Reverse%
94.         Field R%,G%,B%
95. End Type
96.  
97. Type GBlock
98.         Field X#,Y#,Z#,W#,L#,H#
99. End Type
100.  
101. ;; Internal array
102. Dim SortArray#(0,0)
103.  
104. ;; The amount of grass per node
105. Const cGrassBunchCount = 10
106.  
107. ;; Function Arguments
108. Const cGrassCount = 500
109. Const cGrassRate = 1
110.  
111. ;; The amount of segments per precalculated node array
112. ;; Keep in mind, this value should be low, even if you export the node list and import it later to save time, Blitz will still slow down when you go through NODE_SEG^2 amount of nodes
113. Const NODE_SEG = 48
114.  
115. ;; The amount of larger blocks of nodes to check against when finding the node to use
116. Const CONT_SEG = 8
117.  
118. ;; Various Function Modified Variables
119. Global IntersectedX#,IntersectedY#,IntersectedZ#,IntersectedTriangle%,IntersectedSurface%
120.  
121. ;; The time it takes to call the UpdateGrass function
122. Global GrassUpdateTime% = 0
123.  
124. ;; The width/length of the grass bunch range
125. Global cGrassBunchRange# = 3
126.  
127. ;; Grass system data and information about the graphics mode
128. Global gGrassSet.GrassSet = Null
129.  
130. ;; Grass sprites in existence (not quads, rather the nodes that contain n amount of quads)
131. Global cCurrentGrassCount = 0
132.  
133. ;; Amount of different kinds of grass spawners a node can 'carry'
134. Const OccupiedIndices = 16
135.  
136. ;; Amount of spawners in existence, never modify this variable
137. Global ExistingSpawners = 0
138.  
139. ;; Amount of nodes in existence
140. Global ExistingNodes
141.  
142. ;; The amount of grass quads drawn
143. Global GrassQuadsDrawn = 0
144.  
145. ;; Minimum Y normal of grass angles
146. Global YNormal# = .8
147.  
148. ;; The alpha-level of grass pieces.
149. Global GrassAlpha# = 1
150.  
151. ;; The speed at which the grass fades in.  0 is not at all, 100 is instantly (as in no interpolation).
152. Global AlphaFadeSpeed# = 2.5
153.  
154. ;; Wind speed defaults
155. Const WindAffects = 1
156. Const WindDirection = 45        ;; This is intentionally an integer so I can use it with the sin/cos lookup tables (refer to type GrassSet)
157. Const WindPower# = .6   ;; Set this to something like .4 or something, otherwise it won't work out too well...
158. Const WindSpeed# = .06  ;; Decrease to speed up, increase to slow down
159.  
160. ;; Kill off-screen grass quads
161. Global KillOffScreen = 0
162.  
163. ;; The amount of time when a grass bunch isn't visible before it gets removed
164. Global GrassTimeout = 400
165.  
166. ;; Call this before the main loop- this is mandatory
167. Function InitGrass.GrassSet(Camera,CheckRange#=64,GrassRadius#=80)
168.         g.GrassSet = New GrassSet
169.         gCamera = Camera
170.         gRange = CheckRange     ;; store checking settings
171.         gRadius = GrassRadius
172.         gMesh = CreateMesh()    ;; create the mesh that all grass sprites are placed in
173.         EntityFX gMesh,1+2+16+32
174.         gW = GraphicsWidth()    ;; store graphics width and height
175.         gH = GraphicsHeight()
176.         For A = 0 To 359                ;; build sincos lookup tables
177.                 gGSin[A] = Sin(A)
178.                 gGCos[A] = Cos(A)
179.         Next
180.         gTPivot = CreatePivot()
181.         gTPivotB = CreatePivot()
182.         gGrassSet = g
183.         Return g
184. End Function
185.  
186. ;; frees the grass system from memory
187. Function KillGrass()
188.         FreeEntity gGrassSetTPivot
189.         FreeEntity gGrassSetTPivotB
190.         FreeEntity gGrassSetMesh
191.         Delete Each GTex
192.         Delete Each GSprite
193.         Delete Each GrassTile
194.         Delete Each GrassSet
195.         Delete Each GQuad
196.         Delete Each GrassObject
197.         Delete Each GBlock
198.         Delete Each GNode
199. End Function
200.  
201. ;; Loads a texture useable by Ulysses
202. Function LoadGrassTexture(Path$,Columns=1,Rows=1,NoMips=False)
203.         If NoMips Then ClearTextureFilters
204.         T = LoadTexture(Path,1+2+16+32)
205.         If NoMips Then TextureFilter "",1+8
206.         If Not T Then Return False
207.         g.GrassTile = New GrassTile
208.         gSurface = CreateSurface(gGrassSetMesh)
209.         B = CreateBrush()
210.         BrushTexture B,T,0,0
211.         PaintSurface gSurface,B
212.         FreeBrush B
213.         gUS = (Float(TextureWidth(T))/Columns)/TextureWidth(T)
214.         gVS = (Float(TextureHeight(T))/Rows)/TextureHeight(T)
215.         gRows = Rows
216.         gColumns = Columns
217.         FreeTexture T
218.         Return Handle(g)
219. End Function
220.  
221. ;; Pass your grass sprite texture to Texture
222. Function CreateGrassSpawner(Texture,Frame=0,Size#=2,Mesh=0,GrowthRate%=cGrassRate,MaxAmount%=cGrassCount,FOV% = 90,On=1)
223.         If Texture = 0 Then Return False
224.        
225.         g.GTex = New GTex
226.         gID = Handle(g)
227.         gFOV = FOV
228.         gSize = Size
229.         gMaxCount = MaxAmount
230.         gFrame = Frame
231.         gRate = GrowthRate
232.         gTex = Object.GrassTile(Texture)
233.         gOn = On
234.         gIndex = ExistingSpawners
235.         gWindDirection = WindDirection
236.         gWindPower = WindPower
237.         gWindSpeed = WindSpeed
238.         gWindAffects = WindAffects
239.         gBunchCount = cGrassBunchCount
240.         gBunchRange = cGrassBunchRange
241.         Local MinY# = 999999
242.         If Mesh <> 0 Then
243.                 HideEntity Mesh
244.                 For n = 1 To CountSurfaces(Mesh)
245.                         S = GetSurface(Mesh,n)
246.                         For V = 0 To CountVertices(S)-1
247.                                 y# = VertexY(S,V)
248.                                 If y < MinY Then MinY = y
249.                         Next
250.                 Next
251.                 PositionMesh Mesh,0,-MinY,0
252.         EndIf
253.         gMesh = Mesh
254.         ExistingSpawners = ExistingSpawners + 1
255.         Return gID
256. End Function
257.  
258. ;; Tells a spawner to create grass sprites
259. Function StartGrassSpawner(Spawner)
260.         g.GTex = Object.GTex(Spawner)
261.         If g = Null Then Return False
262.         gOn = 1
263.         Return True
264. End Function
265.  
266. ;; Toggles whether or not a spawner creates grass sprites
267. Function ToggleGrassSpawner(Spawner)
268.         g.GTex = Object.GTex(Spawner)
269.         If g = Null Then Return False
270.         gOn = Not gOn
271.         Return True
272. End Function
273.  
274. ;; Sets the wind speeds for a specific spawner.  Normally you shouldn't have to use this, but in the case you want to disable the effects of wind on a mesh, for example, you can.
275. Function SetWind(Spawner,Affects=WindAffects,WindSpeed#=WindSpeed,WindDirection=WindDirection,WindPower#=WindPower#)
276.         g.GTex = Object.GTex(Spawner)
277.         If g = Null Then Return False
278.         gWindSpeed = WindSpeed
279.         gWindDirection = WindDirection
280.         gWindPower = WindPower
281.         gWindAffects = Affects
282.         Return True
283. End Function
284.  
285. ;; Sets whether or not a spawner is affected by wind speeds
286. Function WindAffects(Spawner,Affects=WindAffects)
287.         g.GTex = Object.GTex(Spawner)
288.         If g = Null Then Return False
289.         gWindAffects = Affects
290.         Return True
291. End Function
292.  
293. ;; Tells a spawner to not create grass sprites
294. Function StopGrassSpawner(Spawner)
295.         g.GTex = Object.GTex(Spawner)
296.         If g = Null Then Return False
297.         gOn = 0
298.         Return True
299. End Function
300.  
301. Function SetSpawner(Spawner,Range=2.3,Amount=cGrassBunchCount)
302.         g.GTex = Object.GTex(Spawner)
303.         If g = Null Then Return False
304.         gBunchRange = Range
305.         gBunchCount = Amount
306.         Return True
307. End Function
308.  
309. ;; Frees a spawner from memory
310. Function FreeGrassSpawner(Spawner)
311.         FreeEntity gGrassSetMesh
312.         gGrassSetMesh = CreateMesh()
313.         S.GTex = Object.GTex(Spawner)
314.         If S = Null Then Return False
315.         SIndex = SIndex
316.        
317.         For n.GNode = Each GNode
318.                 For f = SIndex To OccupiedIndices
319.                         If f < OccupiedIndices Then
320.                                 nOccupied[f] = nOccupied[f+1]
321.                         EndIf
322.                        
323.                         If f >= ExistingSpawners Then
324.                                 nOccupied[f] = 0
325.                         EndIf
326.                 Next
327.         Next
328.        
329.         For g.GTex = Each GTex
330.                 If gIndex > SIndex Then
331.                         gIndex = gIndex - 1
332.                 EndIf
333.                 If gID = Spawner Then
334.                         For i.GSprite = Each GSprite
335.                                 If iParent = g Then
336.                                         iNOccupied[iParentIndex] = 0
337.                                         For k = 0 To cGrassBunchCount-1
338.                                                 Delete iQuads[k]
339.                                         Next
340.                                         Delete i
341.                                 EndIf
342.                         Next
343.                         Delete g
344.                         Return True
345.                 EndIf
346.         Next
347.         Return False
348. End Function
349.  
350. ;; Creates a virtual block (top-down) that prevents grass from being grown within a specified area.  This allows somewhat finer-precision control of the grass system.
351. Function CreateGrassBlock(X#,Y#,Z#,Width#,Height#,Depth#)
352.         B.GBlock = New GBlock
353.         If Width < 0 Then
354.                 X = X + Width
355.                 Width = -Width
356.         EndIf
357.        
358.         If Height < 0 Then
359.                 Y = Y + Height
360.                 Height = -Height
361.         EndIf
362.        
363.         If Depth < 0 Then
364.                 Z = Z + Depth
365.                 Depth = -Depth
366.         EndIf
367.        
368.         BX = X
369.         BY = Y
370.         B = Z
371.        
372.         BW = Width
373.         BH = Height
374.         BL = Depth
375.         Return Handle(B)
376. End Function
377.  
378. Function RemoveGrassBlock(Block)
379.         B.GBlock = Object.GBlock(Block)
380.         If B <> Null Then Delete B Return 1
381.         Return 0
382. End Function
383.  
384. ;; Internal function
385. Function gQuickSort( L, R, RandomPivot = True )
386.         Local A, B, SwapA#, SwapB#, Middle#
387.         A = L
388.         B = R
389.        
390.         If RandomPivot Then
391.                 Middle = SortArray( Rand(L, R), 0 )
392.         Else
393.                 Middle = SortArray( (L+R)/2, 0 )
394.         EndIf
395.        
396.         While True
397.                
398.                 While SortArray( A, 0 ) < Middle
399.                         A = A + 1
400.                         If A > R Then Exit
401.                 Wend
402.                
403.                 While  Middle < SortArray( B, 0 )
404.                         B = B - 1
405.                         If B < 0 Then Exit
406.                 Wend
407.                
408.                 If A > B Then Exit
409.                
410.                 SwapA = SortArray( A, 0 )
411.                 SwapB = SortArray( A, 1 )
412.                 SortArray( A, 0 ) = SortArray( B, 0 )
413.                 SortArray( A, 1 ) = SortArray( B, 1 )
414.                 SortArray( B, 0 ) = SwapA
415.                 SortArray( B, 1 ) = SwapB
416.                
417.                 A = A + 1
418.                 B = B - 1
419.                
420.                 If B < 0 Then Exit
421.                
422.         Wend
423.        
424.         If L < B Then gQuickSort( L, B )
425.         If A < R Then gQuickSort( A, R )
426. End Function
427.  
428. ;; Updates the grass system
429. Function UpdateGrass()
430.         If gGrassSet = Null Then Return False
431.         For t.GrassTile = Each GrassTile
432.                 ClearSurface tSurface
433.         Next
434.         GrassQuadsDrawn = 0
435.        
436.         For i.GSprite = Each GSprite
437.                
438.                 CameraProject gGrassSetCamera,iX,iY,i
439.                 PX = ProjectedX()
440.                 PY = ProjectedY()
441.                 PositionEntity gGrassSetTPivot,iX,iY,i
442.                 D# = EntityDistance(gGrassSetCamera,gGrassSetTPivot)
443.                
444.                 If (ProjectedZ() <= 0) Or ((PX < -100 Or PX > gGrassSetW+100) And KillOffScreen)  Or D > iRange*1.5 Then
445.                         iTimeOut = iTimeOut + 1
446.                         If iTimeOut > GrassTimeout
447.                                 iIDelete = 1
448.                                 For n = 0 To iParentBunchCount-1
449.                                         iQuads[n]DAlpha = 0
450.                                 Next
451.                         EndIf
452.                 Else
453.                         iTimeOut = 0
454.                         iIDelete = 0
455.                         For n = 0 To iParentBunchCount-1
456.                                 iQuads[n]DAlpha = GrassAlpha
457.                         Next
458.                 EndIf
459.                
460.                 If iIDelete = 1 Then
461.                         If iQuads[0]CAlpha <= .1 Then iIDelete = 2
462.                 EndIf
463.                
464.                 If iIDelete = 2 Then
465.                         iParentCount = iParentCount - 1
466.                         cCurrentGrassCount = cCurrentGrassCount - 1
467.                         For n = 0 To iParentBunchCount-1
468.                                 Delete iQuads[n]
469.                         Next
470.                         iNOccupied[iParentIndex] = 0
471.                         Delete i
472.                 EndIf
473.         Next
474.        
475.         CX# = EntityX(gGrassSetCamera,1)
476.         CY# = EntityY(gGrassSetCamera,1)
477.         CZ# = EntityZ(gGrassSetCamera,1)
478.        
479.         TFormPoint gGrassSetOX,gGrassSetOY,gGrassSetOZ,0,gGrassSetCamera
480.        
481.         Backward# = 1
482.         If TFormedZ() > 0 Then Backward# = TFormedZ()*.4
483.        
484.         CYaw# = EntityYaw(gGrassSetCamera,1)
485.         TurnYaw = (gGrassSetOYaw-CYaw)
486.         CPitch# = EntityPitch(gGrassSetCamera,1)
487.         TPivot = gGrassSetTPivot
488.         TPivotB = gGrassSetTPivotB
489.         For g.GTex = Each GTex
490.                 If gOn = 1 Then
491.                         If CX <> gGrassSetOX Or CY <> gGrassSetOY Or CZ <> gGrassSetOZ Or CYaw <> gGrassSetOYaw Or CPitch <> gGrassSetOPitch Then
492.                                 Count = gMaxCount-gCount
493.                                 If Count > gRate Then Count = gRate
494.                                 For j = 1 To Count
495.                                         A = (CYaw+Rnd(-gFOV/2,gFOV/2)+90-TurnYaw*1.5) Mod 359
496.                                         If A > 359 Then A = A - 359
497.                                         If A < 0 Then A = A + 359
498.                                         R# = Rnd(.5,gGrassSetRadius)*Backward;*Cos(CPitch)
499.                                         X# = CX + gGrassSetGCos[Int A] * R
500.                                         Z# = CZ + gGrassSetGSin[Int A] * R
501.                                         PositionEntity gGrassSetTPivot,X,0,Z
502.                                         Closest.GNode = Null
503.                                         ClD# = 5000000
504.                                         For nr.NodeRow = Each NodeRow
505.                                                 If X > nrX And X < nrX+nrWidth Then
506.                                                         If Z > nr And Z < nr+nrDepth Then
507.                                                                 For n = 0 To NODE_SEG-1
508.                                                                         If X > nrNodes[n]X And X < nrNodes[n]X + nrNodes[n]Width Then
509.                                                                                 If Z > nrNodes[n] And Z < nrNodes[n]+nrDepth Then
510.                                                                                         Closest = nrNodes[n]
511.                                                                                 EndIf
512.                                                                         EndIf
513.                                                                 Next
514.                                                         EndIf
515.                                                 EndIf
516.                                         Next
517.                                        
518.                                         Con = 1
519.                                        
520.                                         If Closest <> Null Then
521.                                                 X = ClosestX : Y = ClosestY : Z = Closest
522.                                                 For b.GBlock = Each GBlock
523.                                                         If X > bX And X < bX+bW And Z > b And Z <b+bL And Y > bY And Y < bY + bH  Then Con = 0 Exit
524.                                                 Next
525.                                         Else
526.                                                 Con = 0
527.                                         EndIf
528.                                        
529.                                         If Con Then
530.                                                 If ClosestOccupied[gIndex] = 0 And ClosestU Then
531.                                                         i.GSprite = New GSprite
532.                                                         iParent = g
533.                                                         iX = ClosestX
534.                                                         i = Closest
535.                                                         iY = ClosestY
536.                                                         iNX# =ClosestNX
537.                                                         iNY# = ClosestNY
538.                                                         iNZ# = ClosestNZ
539.                                                         iN = Closest
540.                                                         ClosestOccupied[iParentIndex] = 1
541.                                                         iRange = R*Rnd(1,2)
542.                                                        
543.                                                         PositionEntity TPivotB,iX,iY,i
544.                                                         RotateEntity TPivotB,0,0,0
545.                                                        
546.                                                         For n = 0 To gBunchCount-1
547.                                                                 PositionEntity TPivot,iX,iY,i
548.                                                                 iQuads[n] = New GQuad
549.                                                                 rX# = Rnd(-iParentBunchRange,iParentBunchRange)
550.                                                                 rZ# = Rnd(-iParentBunchRange,iParentBunchRange)
551.                                                                 iQuads[n]X = RX
552.                                                                 iQuads[n] = rZ
553.                                                                 iQuads[n]Size = Rnd(gSize*.7,gSize*2)
554.                                                                 iQuads[n]Angle = Rnd(359)
555.                                                                 iQuads[n]DAlpha = GrassAlpha
556.                                                                 iQuads[n]Reverse = Rand(0,1)
557.                                                                 iQuads[n]R = ClosestR*255
558.                                                                 iQuads[n]G = ClosestG*255
559.                                                                 iQuads[n]B = ClosestB*255
560.                                                                
561.                                                                 RotateEntity TPivot,0,iQuads[n]Angle,0
562.                                                                 AlignToVector TPivot,iNX,iNY,iNZ,2,1
563.                                                                 MoveEntity TPivot,rX,0,rZ
564.                                                                 AlignToVector TPivot,iNX,3.6,iNZ,2,1
565.                                                                
566.                                                                 If iParentMesh = 0 Then                                                        
567.                                                                         TFormPoint -iQuads[n]Size,iQuads[n]Size*2,0,TPivot,TPivotB
568.                                                                         iQuads[n]VX[0] = TFormedX()
569.                                                                         iQuads[n]VY[0] = TFormedY()
570.                                                                         iQuads[n]VZ[0] = TFormedZ()
571.                                                                        
572.                                                                         TFormPoint iQuads[n]Size,iQuads[n]Size*2,0,TPivot,TPivotB
573.                                                                         iQuads[n]VX[1] = TFormedX()
574.                                                                         iQuads[n]VY[1] = TFormedY()
575.                                                                         iQuads[n]VZ[1] = TFormedZ()
576.                                                                        
577.                                                                         TFormPoint iQuads[n]Size,0,0,TPivot,TPivotB
578.                                                                         iQuads[n]VX[2] = TFormedX()
579.                                                                         iQuads[n]VY[2] = TFormedY()
580.                                                                         iQuads[n]VZ[2] = TFormedZ()
581.                                                                        
582.                                                                         TFormPoint -iQuads[n]Size,0,0,TPivot,TPivotB
583.                                                                         iQuads[n]VX[3] = TFormedX()
584.                                                                         iQuads[n]VY[3] = TFormedY()
585.                                                                         iQuads[n]VZ[3] = TFormedZ()
586.                                                                 EndIf
587.                                                                
588.                                                                 iQuads[n]
589. x = EntityPitch(TPivot,1)
590.                                                                 iQuads[n]
591. y = EntityYaw(TPivot,1)
592.                                                                 iQuads[n]
593. z = EntityRoll(TPivot,1)
594.                                                                 iQuads[n]gx = EntityX(TPivot,1)
595.                                                                 iQuads[n]gy = EntityY(TPivot,1)
596.                                                                 iQuads[n]gz = EntityZ(TPivot,1)
597.                                                         Next
598.                                                         gCount = gCount + 1
599.                                                         cCurrentGrassCount = cCurrentGrassCount + 1
600.                                                 EndIf
601.                                         EndIf
602.                                 Next
603.                         EndIf
604.                 EndIf
605.         Next
606.        
607.         gGrassSetOX = CX
608.         gGrassSetOY = CY
609.         gGrassSetOZ = CZ
610.         gGrassSetOYaw = CYaw
611.         gGrassSetOPitch = CPitch
612.        
613.         TPivot = gGrassSetTPivot
614.        
615.         Dim SortArray(cCurrentGrassCount-1,2)
616.         n = 0
617.         For i.GSprite = Each GSprite
618.                 PositionEntity TPivot,iX,iY,i
619.                 SortArray(n,0) = -EntityDistance(TPivot,gGrassSetCamera)+iParentIndex
620.                 SortArray(n,1) = Handle(i)
621.                 n = n + 1
622.         Next
623.        
624.         If cCurrentGrassCount > 12 Then gQuickSort(0,cCurrentGrassCount-2,1)
625.        
626.         ASpeed# = AlphaFadeSpeed#/100.0
627.        
628.         TimeTaken = MilliSecs()
629.         WTime = MilliSecs()
630.         For p = 0 To cCurrentGrassCount-1
631.                 i.GSprite = Object.GSprite(SortArray(p,1))
632.                 If i <> Null Then
633.                         For n = 0 To iParentBunchCount-1
634.                                 iQuads[n]CAlpha = iQuads[n]CAlpha+(iQuads[n]DAlpha-iQuads[n]CAlpha)*ASpeed#
635.                                
636.                                 If iQuads[n]CAlpha*iNA > .01 Then
637.                                         Col = (iParentFrame) Mod iParentTexColumns
638.                                         Row = (iParentFrame-Col)/iParentTexColumns
639.                                         US# = iParentTexUS
640.                                         VS# = iParentTexVS
641.                                         U# = US * Col
642.                                         V# = VS * Row
643.                                        
644.                                         If iParentWindAffects Then
645.                                                 WA = ((WindDirection)+iX*2) Mod 359
646.                                                 WB = Int(WTime*WindSpeed + iX) Mod 359
647.                                                 If WA > 359 Then WA = WA - 359
648.                                                 If WA < 0 Then WA = WA + 359
649.                                                 If WB > 359 Then WB = WB - 359
650.                                                 If WB < 0 Then WB = WB + 359
651.                                                 windX# = gGrassSetGSin[WA] * WindPower*gGrassSetGSin[WB]
652.                                                 windZ# = gGrassSetGCos[WA] * WindPower*gGrassSetGCos[WB]
653.                                         Else
654.                                                 windX = 0
655.                                                 windZ = 0
656.                                         EndIf
657.                                        
658.                                         If iQuads[n]Y = 0 Then iQuads[n]Y = EntityY(TPivot)-iY
659.                                        
660.                                         If iIDelete = 0 Then
661.                                                 RX# = 0 : RY# = 0 : RZ# = 0
662.                                                
663.                                                 For beef = 0 To 3
664.                                                         RX = RX + iQuads[n]VX[beef]
665.                                                         RY = RY + iQuads[n]VY[beef]
666.                                                         RZ = RZ + iQuads[n]VZ[beef]
667.                                                 Next
668.                                                
669.                                                 RX = RX / 3
670.                                                 RY = RY / 3
671.                                                 RZ = RZ / 3
672.                                                
673.                                                 CameraProject gGrassSetCamera,iQuads[n]gx,iQuads[n]gy,iQuads[n]gz
674.                                                
675.                                                 iQuads[n]DAlpha = GrassAlpha
676.                                                
677.                                                 If ProjectedZ() <= 0 Then
678.                                                         iQuads[n]DAlpha = 0
679.                                                 ElseIf iParentMesh = 0
680.                                                         PX = ProjectedX()
681.                                                         If PX <= -16 Or PX > gGrassSetW+16 Then
682.                                                                 iQuads[n]DAlpha = 0
683.                                                         Else
684.                                                                 PY = ProjectedY()
685.                                                                 If PY <= -16 Or PY > gGrassSetH + 16 Then iQuads[n]DAlpha = 0
686.                                                         EndIf
687.                                                 EndIf
688.                                         Else
689.                                                 iQuads[n]DAlpha = 0
690.                                         EndIf
691.                                        
692.                                         GrassQuadsDrawn = GrassQuadsDrawn + 1
693.                                         S = iParentTexSurface
694.                                        
695.                                         If iParentMesh = 0 Then
696.                                                 eV = AddVertex(S,iX+iQuads[n]VX[0]+windX,iY+iQuads[n]VY[0],i+iQuads[n]VZ[0]+windZ,U+iQuads[n]Reverse*US,V)
697.                                                
698.                                                 AddVertex(S,iX+iQuads[n]VX[1]+windX,iY+iQuads[n]VY[1],i+iQuads[n]VZ[1]+windZ,U+US-iQuads[n]Reverse*US,V)
699.                                                
700.                                                 AddVertex(S,iX+iQuads[n]VX[2],iY+iQuads[n]VY[2],i+iQuads[n]VZ[2],U+US-iQuads[n]Reverse*US,V+VS)
701.                                                
702.                                                 AddVertex(S,iX+iQuads[n]VX[3],iY+iQuads[n]VY[3],i+iQuads[n]VZ[3],U+iQuads[n]Reverse*US,V+VS)
703.                                                
704.                                                 AddTriangle S,eV,eV+1,eV+2
705.                                                 AddTriangle S,eV+2,eV+3,eV
706.                                                
707.                                                 For o = 0 To 3
708.                                                         VertexColor S,eV+o,iQuads[n]R,iQuads[n]G,iQuads[n]B,iQuads[n]CAlpha
709.                                                 Next
710.                                         Else
711.                                                 Mesh = iParentMesh
712.                                                 For in = 1 To CountSurfaces(Mesh)
713.                                                         Surface = GetSurface(Mesh,1)
714.                                                         lv = CountVertices(S)
715.                                                         PositionEntity Mesh,iQuads[n]gx,iQuads[n]gy,iQuads[n]gz,1
716.                                                         RotateEntity Mesh,iQuads[n]
717. x+windX*3,iQuads[n]
718. y,iQuads[n]
719. z+windZ*3,1
720.                                                         If iParentWindAffects Then AlignToVector Mesh,windX/2,3.6,windZ/2,2,.3
721.                                                         For iv = 0 To CountVertices(Surface)-1
722.                                                                 TFormPoint VertexX(Surface,iv)*iQuads[n]Size,VertexY(Surface,iv)*iQuads[n]Size,VertexZ(Surface,iv)*iQuads[n]Size,Mesh,0
723.                                                                 nv = AddVertex(S,TFormedX(),TFormedY(),TFormedZ(),U+VertexU(Surface,iv)*US,V+VertexV(Surface,iv)*VS,VertexW(Surface,iv))
724.                                                                 VertexColor S,nv,iQuads[n]R,iQuads[n]G,iQuads[n]B,iQuads[n]CAlpha
725.                                                                 TFormNormal VertexNX(Surface,iv),VertexNY(Surface,iv),VertexNZ(Surface,iv),Mesh,0
726.                                                                 VertexNormal S,nv,TFormedX(),TFormedY(),TFormedZ()
727.                                                         Next
728.                                                         For iv = 0 To CountTriangles(Surface)-1
729.                                                                 AddTriangle S,lv+TriangleVertex(Surface,iv,0),lv+TriangleVertex(Surface,iv,1),lv+TriangleVertex(Surface,iv,2)
730.                                                         Next
731.                                                 Next
732.                                                 Surface = 0
733.                                         EndIf
734.                                 EndIf
735.                         Next
736.                 EndIf
737.         Next
738.         GrassUpdateTime = MilliSecs()-TimeTaken
739. End Function
740.  
741. ;; Specify a mesh, if you want to specify a specific surface in the mesh then you can do that as well via the Surface argument
742. Function AddGrassObject(GObject,Surface=0,Lightmap$="")
743.         g.GrassObject = New GrassObject
744.         gEntity = GObject
745.         gSurface = Surface
746.        
747.         Local Mi#[2]
748.         Local Ma#[2]
749.        
750.         If Lightmap <> "" Then
751.                 Tex = LoadTexture(Lightmap,1+2)
752.                 If Tex Then
753.                         T = TextureBuffer(Tex)
754.                         W = TextureWidth(Tex)
755.                         H = TextureHeight(TeX)
756.                 EndIf
757.         EndIf
758.        
759.         If Surface <> 0 Then
760.                 For n = 0 To CountVertices(Surface)-1
761.                         TFormPoint VertexX(Surface,n),VertexY(Surface,n),VertexZ(Surface,n),GObject,0
762.                         TX# = TFormedX()
763.                         TY# = TFormedY()
764.                         TZ# = TFormedZ()
765.                         If TX < Mi[0] Then Mi[0] = TX
766.                         If TY < Mi[1] Then Mi[1] = TY
767.                         If TZ < Mi[2] Then Mi[2] = TZ
768.                        
769.                         If TX > Ma[0] Then Ma[0] = TX
770.                         If TY > Ma[1] Then Ma[1] = TY
771.                         If TZ > Ma[2] Then Ma[2] = TZ
772.                 Next
773.         Else
774.                 For k = 1 To CountSurfaces(GObject)
775.                         Surface = GetSurface(GObject,k)
776.                         For n = 0 To CountVertices(Surface)-1
777.                                 TFormPoint VertexX(Surface,n),VertexY(Surface,n),VertexZ(Surface,n),GObject,0
778.                                 TX# = TFormedX()
779.                                 TY# = TFormedY()
780.                                 TZ# = TFormedZ()
781.                                 If TX < Mi[0] Then Mi[0] = TX
782.                                 If TY < Mi[1] Then Mi[1] = TY
783.                                 If TZ < Mi[2] Then Mi[2] = TZ
784.                                
785.                                 If TX > Ma[0] Then Ma[0] = TX
786.                                 If TY > Ma[1] Then Ma[1] = TY
787.                                 If TZ > Ma[2] Then Ma[2] = TZ
788.                         Next
789.                 Next
790.                 Surface = 0
791.         EndIf
792.         If Tex Then LockBuffer(T)
793.        
794.         NodeWidth# = (Ma[0]-Mi[0])/NODE_SEG
795.         NodeDepth# = (Ma[2]-Mi[2])/NODE_SEG
796.         RowWidth# = (Ma[0]-Mi[0])
797.        
798.         For v# = 0 To NODE_SEG-1
799.                 r.NodeRow = New NodeRow
800.                 rX = Mi[0]
801.                 r = Mi[2]+(Ma[2]-Mi[2])*(v/NODE_SEG)
802.                 rWidth = RowWidth
803.                 rDepth = NodeDepth
804.                 For u# = 0 To NODE_SEG-1
805.                         If Surface <> 0 Then
806.                                 RI = Ray_Intersect_Surface(GObject,Surface,Mi[0]+(Ma[0]-Mi[0])*(u/NODE_SEG),Ma[1],Mi[2]+(Ma[2]-Mi[2])*(v/NODE_SEG),.01,Mi[1]-Ma[1],.01,0,1)
807.                         Else
808.                                 RI = Ray_Intersect_Mesh(GObject,Mi[0]+(Ma[0]-Mi[0])*(u/NODE_SEG),Ma[1]+1,Mi[2]+(Ma[2]-Mi[2])*(v/NODE_SEG),.01,Mi[1]-Ma[1]-2,.01,0,1)
809.                         EndIf
810.                        
811.                         Node = v*NODE_SEG+u
812.                        
813.                         gNodes[Node] = New GNode
814.                         rNodes[u] = gNodes[Node]
815.                         gNodes[Node]U = RI
816.                        
817.                         If Tex Then
818.                                 X = (u/NODE_SEG)*W
819.                                 Y = (v/NODE_SEG)*H
820.                                 Pixel = ReadPixelFast(X,Y,T)
821.                                 cA# = Pixel Shr 24 And 255
822.                                 cR# = Pixel Shr 16 And 255
823.                                 cG# = Pixel Shr 8 And 255
824.                                 cB# = Pixel And 255
825.                                 gNodes[Node]R = cR
826.                                 gNodes[Node]G = cG
827.                                 gNodes[Node]B = cB
828.                                 gNodes[Node]A = cA/255
829.                         Else
830.                                 gNodes[Node]R = 255
831.                                 gNodes[Node]G = 255
832.                                 gNodes[Node]B = 255
833.                                 gNodes[Node]A = 1
834.                         EndIf
835.                        
836.                         If RI Then
837.                                 gNodes[Node]X = IntersectedX
838.                                 gNodes[Node]Y = IntersectedY
839.                                 gNodes[Node] = IntersectedZ
840.                                 gNodes[Node]NX = TriangleNX(IntersectedSurface,IntersectedTriangle)
841.                                 gNodes[Node]NY = TriangleNY(IntersectedSurface,IntersectedTriangle)
842.                                 gNodes[Node]NZ = TriangleNZ(IntersectedSurface,IntersectedTriangle)
843.                                 gNodes[Node]Width = NodeWidth
844.                                 gNodes[Node]Depth = NodeDepth
845.                                
846.                                 If gNodes[Node]NY < YNormal Then
847.                                         gNodes[Node]U = 0
848.                                 EndIf
849.                         EndIf
850.                 Next
851.         Next
852.         If Tex Then
853.                 UnlockBuffer(T)
854.                 FreeTexture(Tex)
855.         EndIf
856.        
857.         Return Handle(g)
858. End Function
859.  
860. ;; Export a nodeset
861. Function ExportNodes(Path$)
862.         FOut = WriteFile(Path$+".unltemp")
863.         If Not FOut Then Return False
864.        
865.         WriteString FOut,"NODESET_"
866.        
867.         For r.NodeRow = Each NodeRow
868.                 WriteFloat FOut,rX
869.                 WriteFloat FOut,r
870.                 WriteFloat FOut,rWidth
871.                 WriteFloat FOut,rDepth
872.                 For n = 0 To NODE_SEG-1
873.                         i.GNode = rNodes[n]
874.                         WriteFloat FOut,iX
875.                         WriteFloat FOut,iY
876.                         WriteFloat FOut,i
877.                         WriteFloat FOut,iWidth
878.                         WriteFloat FOut,iDepth
879.                         WriteFloat FOut,iNX
880.                         WriteFloat FOut,iNY
881.                         WriteFloat FOut,iNZ
882.                         WriteByte FOut,iR
883.                         WriteByte FOut,iG
884.                         WriteByte FOut,iB
885.                         WriteByte FOut,iA*255
886.                         WriteByte FOut,iU
887.                 Next
888.         Next
889.        
890.         CloseFile FOut
891.        
892.         bz2( 0, 9, Path$+".unltemp", Path$+".unl" )
893.         DeleteFile Path$+".unltemp"
894.        
895.         Return True
896. End Function
897.  
898. ;; Imports a nodeset.  Nodesets should be rebuilt after -any- changes to anything grass is placed upon
899. Function ImportNodes(Path$)
900.         If FileType(Path+".unl") <> 1 Then Return False
901.        
902.         bz2( 1, 0, Path+".unl", Path+".unltemp" )
903.        
904.         FIn = ReadFile(Path$+".unltemp")
905.         If Not FIn Then Return False
906.        
907.         ID$ = ReadString(FIn)
908.         If ID$ <> "NODESET_" Then
909.                 CloseFile FIn
910.                 Return False
911.         EndIf
912.        
913.         While Not Eof(FIn)
914.                 r.NodeRow = New NodeRow
915.                 rX = ReadFloat(FIn)
916.                 r = ReadFloat(FIn)
917.                 rWidth = ReadFloat(FIn)
918.                 rDepth = ReadFloat(FIn)
919.                 For n = 0 To NODE_SEG-1
920.                         i.GNode = New GNode
921.                         iX = ReadFloat(FIn)
922.                         iY = ReadFloat(FIn)
923.                         i = ReadFloat(FIn)
924.                         iWidth = ReadFloat(FIn)
925.                         iDepth = ReadFloat(FIn)
926.                         iNX = ReadFloat(FIn)
927.                         iNY = ReadFloat(FIn)
928.                         iNZ = ReadFloat(FIn)
929.                         iR = ReadByte(FIn)
930.                         iG = ReadByte(FIn)
931.                         iB = ReadByte(FIn)
932.                         iA = Float(ReadByte(FIn))/255
933.                         iU = ReadByte(FIn)
934.                         rNodes[n] = i
935.                 Next
936.         Wend
937.        
938.         DeleteFile Path+".unltemp"
939.        
940.         CloseFile FIn
941.         Return True
942. End Function
943.  
944. ;; Removes an object useable by the grass system
945. Function RemoveGrassObject(GObject)
946.         g.GrassObject = Object.GrassObject(GObject)
947.         If g = Null Then Return False
948.         For n = 0 To NODE_SEG-1
949.                 For i = 0 To NODE_SEG-1
950.                         Delete gRows[n]Nodes[i]
951.                 Next
952.                 Delete gRows[n]
953.         Next
954.         Delete g
955.         Return True
956. End Function
957.  
958. ;; sswift's ray-triangle intersection code, butchered by me
959. Function Ray_Intersect_Triangle(Px#, Py#, Pz#, Dx#, Dy#, Dz#, V0x#, V0y#, V0z#, V1x#, V1y#, V1z#, V2x#, V2y#, V2z#, Extend_To_Infinity=True, Cull_Backfaces=False)
960.         E1x# = V2x# - V0x#
961.         E1y# = V2y# - V0y#
962.         E1z# = V2z# - V0z#
963.  
964.         E2x# = V1x# - V0x#
965.         E2y# = V1y# - V0y#
966.         E2z# = V1z# - V0z#
967.  
968.         Hx# = (Dy# * E2z#) - (E2y# * Dz#)
969.         Hy# = (Dz# * E2x#) - (E2z# * Dx#)
970.         Hz# = (Dx# * E2y#) - (E2x# * Dy#)
971.  
972.         A# = (E1x# * Hx#) + (E1y# * Hy#) + (E1z# * Hz#)
973.  
974.         If (Cull_Backfaces = True) And (A# >= 0) Then Return False
975.                
976.         If (A# > -0.00001) And (A# < 0.00001) Then Return False
977.        
978.         F# = 1.0 / A#
979.  
980.         Sx# = Px# - V0x#
981.         Sy# = Py# - V0y#
982.         Sz# = Pz# - V0z#
983.        
984.         U# = F# * ((Sx# * Hx#) + (Sy# * Hy#) + (Sz# * Hz#))
985.        
986.         If (U# < 0.0) Or (U# > 1.0) Return False
987.  
988.         Qx# = (Sy# * E1z#) - (E1y# * Sz#)
989.         Qy# = (Sz# * E1x#) - (E1z# * Sx#)
990.         Qz# = (Sx# * E1y#) - (E1x# * Sy#)
991.        
992.         V# = F# * ((Dx# * Qx#) + (Dy# * Qy#) + (Dz# * Qz#))
993.        
994.         If (V# < 0.0) Or ((U# + V#) > 1.0) Return False
995.  
996.         T# = F# * ((E2x# * Qx#) + (E2y# * Qy#) + (E2z# * Qz#))
997.         IntersectedX# = Px+Dx*T
998.         IntersectedY# = Py+Dy*T
999.         IntersectedZ# = Pz+Dz*T
1000.  
1001.         If (T# < 0) Then Return False
1002.  
1003.         If (Extend_To_Infinity = False) And (T# > 1) Return False
1004.  
1005.         Return True
1006. End Function
1007.  
1008. Function Ray_Intersect_Mesh(Mesh, Px#, Py#, Pz#, Dx#, Dy#, Dz#, Extend_To_Infinity=True, Cull_Backfaces=False)
1009.         Surfaces = CountSurfaces(Mesh)
1010.         If Surfaces > 0
1011.                 For SurfaceLoop = 1 To Surfaces
1012.                         Surface = GetSurface(Mesh, SurfaceLoop)
1013.        
1014.                         Tris  = CountTriangles(Surface)
1015.                         For TriLoop = 0 To Tris-1
1016.        
1017.                                 V0 = TriangleVertex(Surface, TriLoop, 0)
1018.                                 V1 = TriangleVertex(Surface, TriLoop, 1)
1019.                                 V2 = TriangleVertex(Surface, TriLoop, 2)
1020.                
1021.                                 V0x# = VertexX#(Surface, V0)
1022.                                 V0y# = VertexY#(Surface, V0)
1023.                                 V0z# = VertexZ#(Surface, V0)
1024.  
1025.                                 V1x# = VertexX#(Surface, V1)
1026.                                 V1y# = VertexY#(Surface, V1)
1027.                                 V1z# = VertexZ#(Surface, V1)
1028.  
1029.                                 V2x# = VertexX#(Surface, V2)
1030.                                 V2y# = VertexY#(Surface, V2)
1031.                                 V2z# = VertexZ#(Surface, V2)
1032.  
1033.                                 TFormPoint V0x#, V0y#, V0z#, Mesh, 0
1034.                                 V0x# = TFormedX#()
1035.                                 V0y# = TFormedY#()
1036.                                 V0z# = TFormedZ#()
1037.  
1038.                                 TFormPoint V1x#, V1y#, V1z#, Mesh, 0
1039.                                 V1x# = TFormedX#()
1040.                                 V1y# = TFormedY#()
1041.                                 V1z# = TFormedZ#()
1042.                        
1043.                                 TFormPoint V2x#, V2y#, V2z#, Mesh, 0
1044.                                 V2x# = TFormedX#()
1045.                                 V2y# = TFormedY#()
1046.                                 V2z# = TFormedZ#()
1047.                                
1048.                                 Intersected = Ray_Intersect_Triangle(Px#, Py#, Pz#, Dx#, Dy#, Dz#, V0x#, V0y#, V0z#, V1x#, V1y#, V1z#, V2x#, V2y#, V2z#, Extend_To_Infinity, Cull_Backfaces)
1049.                                 If Intersected Then
1050.                                         IntersectedTriangle = TriLoop
1051.                                         IntersectedSurface = Surface
1052.                                         Return True
1053.                                 EndIf
1054.                         Next
1055.                 Next
1056.         EndIf
1057.        
1058.         IntersectedTriangle = -1
1059.         IntersectedSurface = -1
1060.        
1061.         Return False
1062. End Function
1063.  
1064. ;; hacked the Ray_Intersect_Mesh function so it can be used on surfaces as well
1065. Function Ray_Intersect_Surface(Mesh, Surface, Px#, Py#, Pz#, Dx#, Dy#, Dz#, Extend_To_Infinity=True, Cull_Backfaces=False)
1066.         Tris  = CountTriangles(Surface)
1067.         For TriLoop = 0 To Tris-1
1068.                 V0 = TriangleVertex(Surface, TriLoop, 0)
1069.                 V1 = TriangleVertex(Surface, TriLoop, 1)
1070.                 V2 = TriangleVertex(Surface, TriLoop, 2)
1071.  
1072.                 V0x# = VertexX#(Surface, V0)
1073.                 V0y# = VertexY#(Surface, V0)
1074.                 V0z# = VertexZ#(Surface, V0)
1075.  
1076.                 V1x# = VertexX#(Surface, V1)
1077.                 V1y# = VertexY#(Surface, V1)
1078.                 V1z# = VertexZ#(Surface, V1)
1079.  
1080.                 V2x# = VertexX#(Surface, V2)
1081.                 V2y# = VertexY#(Surface, V2)
1082.                 V2z# = VertexZ#(Surface, V2)
1083.  
1084.                 TFormPoint V0x#, V0y#, V0z#, Mesh, 0
1085.                 V0x# = TFormedX#()
1086.                 V0y# = TFormedY#()
1087.                 V0z# = TFormedZ#()
1088.  
1089.                 TFormPoint V1x#, V1y#, V1z#, Mesh, 0
1090.                 V1x# = TFormedX#()
1091.                 V1y# = TFormedY#()
1092.                 V1z# = TFormedZ#()
1093.        
1094.                 TFormPoint V2x#, V2y#, V2z#, Mesh, 0
1095.                 V2x# = TFormedX#()
1096.                 V2y# = TFormedY#()
1097.                 V2z# = TFormedZ#()
1098.                
1099.                 Intersected = Ray_Intersect_Triangle(Px#, Py#, Pz#, Dx#, Dy#, Dz#, V0x#, V0y#, V0z#, V1x#, V1y#, V1z#, V2x#, V2y#, V2z#, Extend_To_Infinity, Cull_Backfaces)
1100.                 If Intersected Then
1101.                         IntersectedTriangle = TriLoop
1102.                         IntersectedSurface = Surface
1103.                         Return True
1104.                 EndIf
1105.         Next
1106.  
1107.         IntersectedTriangle = -1
1108.         IntersectedSurface = -1
1109.        
1110.         Return False
1111. End Function
1112.  
1113. ;; some functions of my own...
1114. ;; just to note, these don't return the actual normals of a triangle, they only return the averaged normals of the vertices.  in most cases- when it comes to terrain- this is enough
1115. Function TriangleNX#(Surface,Triangle)
1116.         Local NX#
1117.         For N = 0 To 2
1118.                 NX# = NX# + VertexNX(Surface,TriangleVertex(Surface,Triangle,N))
1119.         Next
1120.         Return NX / 3
1121. End Function
1122.  
1123. Function TriangleNY#(Surface,Triangle)
1124.         Local NY#
1125.         For N = 0 To 2
1126.                 NY# = NY# + VertexNY(Surface,TriangleVertex(Surface,Triangle,N))
1127.         Next
1128.         Return NY / 3
1129. End Function
1130.  
1131. Function TriangleNZ#(Surface,Triangle)
1132.         Local NZ#
1133.         For N = 0 To 2
1134.                 NZ# = NZ# + VertexNZ(Surface,TriangleVertex(Surface,Triangle,N))
1135.         Next
1136.         Return NZ / 3
1137. End Function
1138.  
1139.  
1140.  
1141. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
1142. ;;;; EXAMPLE CODE       ;;;;
1143. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
1144.  
1145. ;; FPS
1146. Global FPS,LastCheck,Frames
1147. Function GetFPS()
1148.         Frames = Frames + 1
1149.        
1150.         If MilliSecs() > LastCheck+1000 Then
1151.                 LastCheck = MilliSecs()
1152.                 FPS = Frames
1153.                 Frames = 0
1154.         EndIf
1155.         Return FPS
1156. End Function
1157.  
1158. ;; Graphics Mode
1159. Graphics 320,240,32,2
1160. If FileType("grass3.tga") <> 1 Then
1161.         bz2 1,0,"grass3.tga.bz2","grass3.tga"
1162.         Delay 20
1163. EndIf
1164. ClsColor 255,255,255
1165. Cls
1166. Color 0,0,0
1167. Graphics3D 800,600,32,Int(Replace(Lower(Input$("Windowed? Y/N        ")),"y","1"))+1
1168. ;; Camera
1169. C = CreateCamera()
1170.  
1171. ;; Terrain - objects no longer need pick-modes
1172. T = LoadMesh("terrain.3ds")
1173. ScaleEntity T,40*.4,35*.4,40*.4
1174. TranslateEntity T,0,-70,0
1175.  
1176. ;; for some reason whenever i add or remove something from this the surface indices change, so now i have to check for vertex count to know which one i need
1177. If CountVertices(GetSurface(t,1)) > CountVertices(GetSurface(t,2)) Then
1178.         s1 = 1
1179.         s2 = 2
1180. Else
1181.         s1 = 2
1182.         s2 = 1
1183. EndIf
1184.  
1185. B = LoadBrush("detail.png")
1186. GetBrushTexture(B)
1187. PaintSurface GetSurface(T,s1),B
1188. FreeBrush B
1189. B = LoadBrush("path.png")
1190. PaintSurface GetSurface(T,s2),B
1191. FreeBrush B
1192.  
1193. ;; Lighting
1194. L = CreateLight(2)
1195. PositionEntity L,0,500,0
1196. LightRange L,200
1197. LightColor L,255,255,255
1198. AmbientLight 96,96,96
1199.  
1200. ;; Grass
1201. InitGrass(C,50,180)
1202. Tex = LoadGrassTexture("grass3.tga",2,4)
1203.  
1204. SetSpawner(CreateGrassSpawner(Tex,0,.9/1.5,0,1,200),3,2)
1205. SetSpawner(CreateGrassSpawner(Tex,1,1.65/1.5,0,3,200),3,7)
1206. SetSpawner(CreateGrassSpawner(Tex,2,.8/1.5,0,1,200),2.3,3)
1207. ;SetSpawner(CreateGrassSpawner(Tex,3,1/1.5,0,1,200),2.3,1)
1208. ;SetSpawner(CreateGrassSpawner(Tex,4,1/1.5,0,1,200),2.3,1)
1209. SetSpawner(CreateGrassSpawner(Tex,5,1.65/1.5,0,4,200),2,1)
1210.  
1211. If FileType("terrain.unl") Then
1212.         Print "Rebuild object nodeset?  Y/N"
1213.         Repeat
1214.                 k = Asc(Lower(Chr(WaitKey())))
1215.         Until k = Asc("y") Or k = Asc("n")
1216.         If k = Asc("y") Then
1217.                 Print "Rebuilding..."
1218.                 DeleteFile "terrain.unl"
1219.                 TerrainObject = AddGrassObject(T,GetSurface(T,s1))
1220.                 ExportNodes("terrain")
1221.         Else
1222.                 Print "Loading nodeset..."
1223.                 ImportNodes("terrain")
1224.         EndIf
1225.         Print "Done."
1226. Else
1227.         TerrainObject = AddGrassObject(T,GetSurface(T,s1))
1228.         ExportNodes("terrain")
1229. EndIf
1230.  
1231. ;; Tweening
1232. MFPS = 60
1233. Period = 1000/MFPS
1234. Time = MilliSecs()-Period
1235.  
1236. S = CreateSprite()
1237. ScaleSprite S,10,10
1238. EntityFX S,1+16
1239. EntityBlend S,3
1240. EntityOrder S,-5
1241. PositionEntity S,0,0,2
1242. EntityColor S,255,255,255
1243. EntityParent S,C,1
1244.  
1245. Alpha# = 1.4
1246.  
1247. CameraClsColor C,191,223,245
1248.  
1249. Repeat
1250.         Repeat
1251.                 Elapsed = MilliSecs() - Time
1252.         Until Elapsed
1253.        
1254.         Ticks = Elapsed / Period
1255.         Tween# = Float(Elapsed Mod Period) / Float(Period)
1256.        
1257.         For U = 0 To Ticks
1258.                 Time = Time + Period
1259.                
1260.                 If U = Ticks Then
1261.                         CaptureWorld
1262.                 EndIf
1263.                
1264.                 If Alpha < .01 Then
1265.                         Alpha = 0
1266.                 Else
1267.                         Alpha# = Alpha# * .98
1268.                 EndIf
1269.                 EntityAlpha S,Alpha
1270.                
1271.                 ;; Camera
1272.                 PitchAccel# = MouseYSpeed()*.05
1273.                 PanAccel# = -MouseXSpeed()*.05
1274.                
1275.                 Pitch# = Pitch + PitchAccel
1276.                 Pan# = Pan + PanAccel
1277.                 If Pitch > 80 Then Pitch = 80
1278.                 If Pitch < -80 Then Pitch = -80
1279.                 RotateEntity C,Pitch,Pan,0
1280.                 MoveMouse GraphicsWidth()/2,GraphicsHeight()/2
1281.                 MoveV# =(KeyDown(200)-KeyDown(208))*.7
1282.                 MoveEntity C,0,0,MoveV
1283.                
1284.                 ;; Grass
1285.                 UpdateGrass()
1286.                
1287.                 ;; Graphics
1288.                 UpdateWorld
1289.         Next
1290.        
1291.         ;; Graphics
1292.         RenderWorld Tween
1293.        
1294.         ;; FPS
1295.         GetFPS()
1296.         Text 2,2,"FPS : "+FPS
1297.        
1298.         Flip 0
1299. Until KeyHit(1)
1300.  
1301. ;; Grass
1302. KillGrass()
1303.  
1304. ;; Graphics
1305. ClearWorld
1306. End

Comments :


Rook Zimbabwe(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Looks GREAT! but can it NOT put grass where it senses a MODEL like a building??? That would be a great tool too!


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Rook: Refer to the AddGrassObject command.That function basically tells it where it can and can't put grass.


Doggie(Posted 1+ years ago)

 There's a bug in this linewindX# = gGrassSetGSin[(WA+iX*2) Mod 359] * WindPower*gGrassSetGSin[Int(MilliSecs()*WindSpeed) Mod 359]If my camera goes below 30(in the y direction) then I get a "Blitz Array Index Out of Bounds" error.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 That doesn't make sense, since that line has no relation to the Y position of the camera.  I'd say it's just trying to access part of the array above 359 or below 0.  I'll look into it.


Rimmsy(Posted 1+ years ago)

 verrrrrry nice.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Added two new functions and sortof improved (in my opinion) the way grass is spawned.I'm trying to find a way to avoid the line-picking to get the positions and normals of the grass bunches, but so far every idea I've had has been shot down due to me forgetting one detail or another.


mrtricks(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Very nice but gets some nasty slowdown on mine...


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 mrtricks: I'd say the vertex lighting and 10,000-detail Blitz terrain in the example code is mostly to blame for that.  But some of the blame lies with my system as well for using line picks for every 5 or so (it's a variable amount specified by a constant) grass bunches.Anyhow, I've implemented a texture system that allows you to reduce the surface count to one surface per 4 to 8 grass sprite textures.  I'm still working on the line-picking problem though, since that's slow as hell if the growth rate is high.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 The new texture system is implemented, and I've removed the line-picking and switched to using sswift's triangle intersect functions.


Kornflex(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Fantastic and thanks you for that !


Picklesworth(Posted 1+ years ago)

 This is very nice Noel, as always!I hope you keep working on this :DWhen accompanied with a nice grass texture for the ground the effect is even better.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 <ego>I am such a nice person -_-</ego>But in all seriousness, without sswift's ray intersect code, this would be a hell of a lot slower than it is now.I've got plans for pre-compiling node arrays now, too, in order to speed stuff up.


Picklesworth(Posted 1+ years ago)

 oh, ray intersect code I need that badly! thanks for telling me there's a such thing :DIt's odd, but I can't see any grass in the newest version


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Not sure why not.  Also, it no longer works on Blitz terrains (because of the ray intersect code- you could, as an example, generate a mesh that is based off of a loaded Blitz terrain to make it work again though), so if you're using one that might be the problem.


Picklesworth(Posted 1+ years ago)

 I'm just using your demo code alone along with the media packEdit:Decided not to add any more posts...When I copy and paste the data written on this page rather than download the .bb file, there is a small region that has grass on it. It takes a while to notice though... Is it supposed to be just one small segment?


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Hm.. well I made sure to test the example code that came in the zip, and it worked fine.  I'll take another look at it to see if there's anything I've left out.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 The idea I had for precompiling grass nodes is now implemented, along with some minor optimizations and changes to make it more efficient at times.


Picklesworth(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Ooh, works much better now. Thanks noel!Lots of variables to play with too :)This is probably the most useful grass system I've seen in blitz yet. I can't wait to try it out with some nice sprites


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Updates:-Vertex positions are precalculated, this is to save time on redrawing them per-update.-Nodes used to apply to backfacing triangles (top-down, remember), so if you, for example, had an arch over a section of terrain, it would have created grass on the underside of it: not pretty.  This is 'fixed'.-You can now have a color-map applied to grass nodes when you add an object to the list.  It's an extra argument to AddGrassObject().  Full RGBA support (meaning you control red, green, blue, and alpha of areas).Bugs:-Sometimes grass spawns in the air.  This bug is obviously due to some error (of mine, likely, since the ray intersect code works fine in normal cases) when nodes are being generated.  I have no idea what's causing it yet, but I know where it is and as such it's isolated.<div class="quote"> This is probably the most useful grass system </div>Well, it's only one of three I think.  In any case, I feel this is a really useful module of sorts for adding a great deal of depth to your environments.


Picklesworth(Posted 1+ years ago)

 hm, that's the problem.It seems that when I run this in debug mode, or with a complete compilation in a folder other than the original folder of the .bb file, it will scatter the trail texture everywhere and the grass doesn't show up except in the valley.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Updated- Added support for meshes (this is single-surface support, so even if the mesh you're referencing is using multiple surfaces it will put it all in the same surface).- Various bug fixes.- Importing and exporting node sets.- Per-spawner wind settings.You need to be careful with the mesh spawners, because if you use a lot of polygons then you will probably end up with a pretty damn slow game.  I'm working on some ideas to make this faster, but at the moment you'll have to live with this.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Updated- No more distance checks when determining which node a grass bunch gets placed on- now it checks rows and when the position is determined to be inside of the row it places the quad inside of the node it's inside of.- Added the function SetSpawner() which allows you to choose some ranges.  You might or might not need to use this, it depends on your scene.


Picklesworth(Posted 1+ years ago)

 This newer version seems a bit slower to me... Still great nontheless! And nicer


Mustang(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Wooo!


Kissme(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Damned !!! veyr veyr nice stuff ! TYKiss.


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 I just noticed that starting at my last comment, the time between comments has incremented by two days each.Mr. Pickles commented after two days;Mustang after four;KissKool after six.


morduun(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Very, very slow (6-10fps) with obvious and noticeable pop-in on my system: p3/1G, ge4ti/4400, 256MB ram, WinXP Pro.


Ion-Storm(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Make sure DEBUG is turned off in the editor, ELSE it will slow down..RegardsIon.


morduun(Posted 1+ years ago)

 This goes without saying.  But it also doesn't help the framerate on my rig, either, as I wasn't using it with debug in the first place.


FireballStarfish(Posted 1+ years ago)

 The image doesn't work, and neither does the link


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 It's 3 years old.  Cheers.


YellBellzDotCom(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Does anyone have this available? I sure would like to take a gander! If so, please email to hilbily001@...Thanks!!


N(Posted 1+ years ago)

 Well, you got the source code up there.